Air Pollution

Burning fossil fuels for electricity, heat, and transport releases harmful air pollutants like sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. These pollutants cause smog, acid rain, and health problems, impacting local air quality more than global climate.

Main Pollutants & Sources
Coal and oil combustion are major sources of SO₂ and particulate matter, while vehicles and gas-fired plants emit large amounts of NOₓ. These pollutants can travel long distances, damaging lungs, ecosystems, and infrastructure.

Health & Environmental Impacts
Air pollution from energy is linked to asthma, heart disease, and premature deaths. It also harms crops, acidifies soils and water, and reduces visibility. Children and urban populations are especially vulnerable.

Solutions & Trends
Cleaner fuels, pollution controls like scrubbers, and a shift to renewable energy are reducing emissions in many countries. Strong regulations, modern monitoring, and electrification of transport continue to improve air quality.